diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index e8eadd3..d075c54 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -387,10 +387,9 @@ if(BUILD_VIDEO2X_CLI)
 endif()
 
 # Install the header files
+file(GLOB HEADER_FILES ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/libvideo2x/*.h)
 install(FILES
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/libvideo2x/libvideo2x.h
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/libvideo2x/fsutils.h
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/libvideo2x/logging.h
+    ${HEADER_FILES}
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/libvideo2x/version.h
     DESTINATION ${INSTALL_INCLUDE_DESTINATION}
 )
@@ -403,9 +402,7 @@ if(WIN32)
         set(BOOST_DLL_PATH ${BOOST_BASE_PATH}/boost_program_options-vc143-mt-gd-x64-1_86.dll)
     endif()
 
-    # Find all FFmpeg DLLs
     file(GLOB FFMPEG_DLLS "${FFMPEG_BASE_PATH}/bin/*.dll")
-
     install(FILES
         ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/realesrgan_install/bin/librealesrgan-ncnn-vulkan.dll
         ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/rife_install/bin/librife-ncnn-vulkan.dll
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/avutils.h b/include/libvideo2x/avutils.h
index 598a4c7..c4a799c 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/avutils.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/avutils.h
@@ -5,15 +5,18 @@ extern "C" {
 #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
 }
 
-#define CALC_FFMPEG_VERSION(a, b, c) (a << 16 | b << 8 | c)
-
 AVRational get_video_frame_rate(AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx, int in_vstream_idx);
 
 int64_t get_video_frame_count(AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx, int in_vstream_idx);
 
-AVPixelFormat
-get_encoder_default_pix_fmt(const AVCodec *encoder, AVPixelFormat target_pix_fmt);
+AVPixelFormat get_encoder_default_pix_fmt(const AVCodec *encoder, AVPixelFormat target_pix_fmt);
 
 float get_frame_diff(AVFrame *frame1, AVFrame *frame2);
 
+void av_bufferref_deleter(AVBufferRef *bufferref);
+
+void av_frame_deleter(AVFrame *frame);
+
+void av_packet_deleter(AVPacket *packet);
+
 #endif  // AVUTILS_H
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/encoder.h b/include/libvideo2x/encoder.h
index 683136e..7cf9105 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/encoder.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/encoder.h
@@ -3,13 +3,51 @@
 
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <filesystem>
+#include <vector>
 
 extern "C" {
+#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
 #include <libavutil/pixdesc.h>
 }
 
-#include "libvideo2x/libvideo2x.h"
+#include "fsutils.h"
+
+// Encoder configurations
+struct EncoderConfig {
+    // Non-AVCodecContext options
+    AVCodecID codec;
+    bool copy_streams;
+
+    // Basic video options
+    int width;
+    int height;
+    int frm_rate_mul;
+    AVPixelFormat pix_fmt;
+
+    // Rate control and compression
+    int64_t bit_rate;
+    int rc_buffer_size;
+    int rc_min_rate;
+    int rc_max_rate;
+    int qmin;
+    int qmax;
+
+    // GOP and frame structure
+    int gop_size;
+    int max_b_frames;
+    int keyint_min;
+    int refs;
+
+    // Performance and threading
+    int thread_count;
+
+    // Latency and buffering
+    int delay;
+
+    // Extra AVOptions
+    std::vector<std::pair<StringType, StringType>> extra_opts;
+};
 
 class Encoder {
    public:
@@ -22,7 +60,6 @@ class Encoder {
         AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx,
         AVCodecContext *dec_ctx,
         EncoderConfig &enc_cfg,
-        const ProcessorConfig &proc_cfg,
         int in_vstream_idx
     );
 
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/filter_libplacebo.h b/include/libvideo2x/filter_libplacebo.h
index 53406e8..f494952 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/filter_libplacebo.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/filter_libplacebo.h
@@ -13,17 +13,6 @@ extern "C" {
 
 // FilterLibplacebo class definition
 class FilterLibplacebo : public Filter {
-   private:
-    AVFilterGraph *filter_graph_;
-    AVFilterContext *buffersrc_ctx_;
-    AVFilterContext *buffersink_ctx_;
-    uint32_t vk_device_index_;
-    const std::filesystem::path shader_path_;
-    int width_;
-    int height_;
-    AVRational in_time_base_;
-    AVRational out_time_base_;
-
    public:
     // Constructor
     FilterLibplacebo(
@@ -56,6 +45,17 @@ class FilterLibplacebo : public Filter {
         int &out_width,
         int &out_height
     ) const override;
+
+   private:
+    AVFilterGraph *filter_graph_;
+    AVFilterContext *buffersrc_ctx_;
+    AVFilterContext *buffersink_ctx_;
+    uint32_t vk_device_index_;
+    const std::filesystem::path shader_path_;
+    int width_;
+    int height_;
+    AVRational in_time_base_;
+    AVRational out_time_base_;
 };
 
 #endif  // FILTER_LIBPLACEBO_H
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/filter_realesrgan.h b/include/libvideo2x/filter_realesrgan.h
index ab4be0d..15534fa 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/filter_realesrgan.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/filter_realesrgan.h
@@ -10,16 +10,6 @@ extern "C" {
 
 // FilterRealesrgan class definition
 class FilterRealesrgan : public Filter {
-   private:
-    RealESRGAN *realesrgan_;
-    int gpuid_;
-    bool tta_mode_;
-    int scaling_factor_;
-    const StringType model_name_;
-    AVRational in_time_base_;
-    AVRational out_time_base_;
-    AVPixelFormat out_pix_fmt_;
-
    public:
     // Constructor
     FilterRealesrgan(
@@ -49,6 +39,16 @@ class FilterRealesrgan : public Filter {
         int &out_width,
         int &out_height
     ) const override;
+
+   private:
+    RealESRGAN *realesrgan_;
+    int gpuid_;
+    bool tta_mode_;
+    int scaling_factor_;
+    const StringType model_name_;
+    AVRational in_time_base_;
+    AVRational out_time_base_;
+    AVPixelFormat out_pix_fmt_;
 };
 
 #endif  // FILTER_REALESRGAN_H
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/frames_processor.h b/include/libvideo2x/frames_processor.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 027e043..0000000
--- a/include/libvideo2x/frames_processor.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef FRAMES_PROCESSOR_H
-#define FRAMES_PROCESSOR_H
-
-#include "decoder.h"
-#include "encoder.h"
-#include "libvideo2x.h"
-#include "processor.h"
-
-int process_frames(
-    const EncoderConfig &enc_cfg,
-    const ProcessorConfig &proc_cfg,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    Decoder &decoder,
-    Encoder &encoder,
-    Processor *processor,
-    bool benchmark = false
-);
-
-#endif  // FRAMES_PROCESSOR_H
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/interpolator_rife.h b/include/libvideo2x/interpolator_rife.h
index aff0378..d94cdfc 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/interpolator_rife.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/interpolator_rife.h
@@ -10,18 +10,6 @@ extern "C" {
 
 // InterpolatorRIFE class definition
 class InterpolatorRIFE : public Interpolator {
-   private:
-    RIFE *rife_;
-    int gpuid_;
-    bool tta_mode_;
-    bool tta_temporal_mode_;
-    bool uhd_mode_;
-    int num_threads_;
-    const StringType model_name_;
-    AVRational in_time_base_;
-    AVRational out_time_base_;
-    AVPixelFormat out_pix_fmt_;
-
    public:
     // Constructor
     InterpolatorRIFE(
@@ -54,6 +42,18 @@ class InterpolatorRIFE : public Interpolator {
         int &out_width,
         int &out_height
     ) const override;
+
+   private:
+    RIFE *rife_;
+    int gpuid_;
+    bool tta_mode_;
+    bool tta_temporal_mode_;
+    bool uhd_mode_;
+    int num_threads_;
+    const StringType model_name_;
+    AVRational in_time_base_;
+    AVRational out_time_base_;
+    AVPixelFormat out_pix_fmt_;
 };
 
 #endif  // INTERPOLATOR_RIFE_H
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/libvideo2x.h b/include/libvideo2x/libvideo2x.h
index c5a3e63..f1b6e71 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/libvideo2x.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/libvideo2x.h
@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 #ifndef LIBVIDEO2X_H
 #define LIBVIDEO2X_H
 
-#include <filesystem>
-#include <variant>
-#include <vector>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
 
 extern "C" {
 #include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
 #include <libavformat/avformat.h>
 }
 
-#include "fsutils.h"
+#include "avutils.h"
+#include "decoder.h"
+#include "encoder.h"
 #include "logging.h"
+#include "processor.h"
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #ifdef LIBVIDEO2X_EXPORTS
@@ -23,105 +26,75 @@ extern "C" {
 #define LIBVIDEO2X_API
 #endif
 
-enum class ProcessingMode {
-    Filter,
-    Interpolate,
-};
-
-enum class ProcessorType {
-    Libplacebo,
-    RealESRGAN,
-    RIFE,
-};
-
-struct LibplaceboConfig {
-    StringType shader_path;
-};
-
-struct RealESRGANConfig {
-    bool tta_mode;
-    StringType model_name;
-};
-
-struct RIFEConfig {
-    bool tta_mode;
-    bool tta_temporal_mode;
-    bool uhd_mode;
-    int num_threads;
-    StringType model_name;
-};
-
-// Unified filter configuration
-struct ProcessorConfig {
-    ProcessorType processor_type;
-    int width;
-    int height;
-    int scaling_factor;
-    int frm_rate_mul;
-    float scn_det_thresh;
-    std::variant<LibplaceboConfig, RealESRGANConfig, RIFEConfig> config;
-};
-
-// Encoder configurations
-struct EncoderConfig {
-    // Non-AVCodecContext options
-    AVCodecID codec;
-    bool copy_streams;
-
-    // Basic video options
-    int width;
-    int height;
-    AVPixelFormat pix_fmt;
-
-    // Rate control and compression
-    int64_t bit_rate;
-    int rc_buffer_size;
-    int rc_min_rate;
-    int rc_max_rate;
-    int qmin;
-    int qmax;
-
-    // GOP and frame structure
-    int gop_size;
-    int max_b_frames;
-    int keyint_min;
-    int refs;
-
-    // Performance and threading
-    int thread_count;
-
-    // Latency and buffering
-    int delay;
-
-    // Extra AVOptions
-    std::vector<std::pair<StringType, StringType>> extra_opts;
-};
-
 struct HardwareConfig {
     uint32_t vk_device_index;
     AVHWDeviceType hw_device_type;
 };
 
-// Video processing context
-struct VideoProcessingContext {
-    int64_t processed_frames;
-    int64_t total_frames;
-    std::time_t start_time;
-    bool pause;
-    bool abort;
-    bool completed;
+class LIBVIDEO2X_API VideoProcessor {
+   public:
+    VideoProcessor(
+        const HardwareConfig hw_cfg,
+        const ProcessorConfig proc_cfg,
+        EncoderConfig enc_cfg,
+        Video2xLogLevel = Video2xLogLevel::Info,
+        bool benchmark = false
+    );
+
+    virtual ~VideoProcessor() = default;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] int
+    process(const std::filesystem::path in_fname, const std::filesystem::path out_fname);
+
+    void pause() { paused_.store(true); }
+    void resume() { paused_.store(false); }
+    void abort() { aborted_.store(true); }
+
+    int64_t get_processed_frames() const { return frame_index_.load(); }
+    int64_t get_total_frames() const { return total_frames_.load(); }
+
+    bool is_paused() const { return paused_.load(); }
+    bool is_aborted() const { return aborted_.load(); }
+    bool is_completed() const { return completed_.load(); }
+
+   private:
+    [[nodiscard]] int
+    process_frames(Decoder &decoder, Encoder &encoder, std::unique_ptr<Processor> &processor);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] int write_frame(AVFrame *frame, Encoder &encoder);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline int write_raw_packet(
+        AVPacket *packet,
+        AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx,
+        AVFormatContext *ofmt_ctx,
+        int *stream_map
+    );
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline int process_filtering(
+        std::unique_ptr<Processor> &processor,
+        Encoder &encoder,
+        AVFrame *frame,
+        AVFrame *proc_frame
+    );
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline int process_interpolation(
+        std::unique_ptr<Processor> &processor,
+        Encoder &encoder,
+        std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&av_frame_deleter)> &prev_frame,
+        AVFrame *frame,
+        AVFrame *proc_frame
+    );
+
+    HardwareConfig hw_cfg_;
+    ProcessorConfig proc_cfg_;
+    EncoderConfig enc_cfg_;
+    bool benchmark_ = false;
+
+    std::atomic<int64_t> frame_index_ = 0;
+    std::atomic<int64_t> total_frames_ = 0;
+    std::atomic<bool> paused_ = false;
+    std::atomic<bool> aborted_ = false;
+    std::atomic<bool> completed_ = false;
 };
 
-// Process a video file using the specified configurations
-[[nodiscard]] LIBVIDEO2X_API int process_video(
-    const std::filesystem::path in_fname,
-    const std::filesystem::path out_fname,
-    const HardwareConfig hw_cfg,
-    const ProcessorConfig proc_cfg,
-    EncoderConfig enc_cfg,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    Libvideo2xLogLevel log_level,
-    bool benchmark
-);
-
 #endif  // LIBVIDEO2X_H
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/logging.h b/include/libvideo2x/logging.h
index a2c48fb..fb20034 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/logging.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/logging.h
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #include "fsutils.h"
 
-enum class Libvideo2xLogLevel {
+enum class Video2xLogLevel {
     Unknown,
     Trace,
     Debug,
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ enum class Libvideo2xLogLevel {
     Off
 };
 
-void set_log_level(Libvideo2xLogLevel log_level);
+void set_log_level(Video2xLogLevel log_level);
 
-std::optional<Libvideo2xLogLevel> find_log_level_by_name(const StringType &log_level_name);
+std::optional<Video2xLogLevel> find_log_level_by_name(const StringType &log_level_name);
 
 #endif  // LOGGING_H
diff --git a/include/libvideo2x/processor.h b/include/libvideo2x/processor.h
index 11a4865..8cf4251 100644
--- a/include/libvideo2x/processor.h
+++ b/include/libvideo2x/processor.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef PROCESSOR_H
 #define PROCESSOR_H
 
+#include <variant>
 #include <vector>
 
 extern "C" {
@@ -9,7 +10,46 @@ extern "C" {
 #include <libavutil/buffer.h>
 }
 
-#include "libvideo2x.h"
+#include "fsutils.h"
+
+enum class ProcessingMode {
+    Filter,
+    Interpolate,
+};
+
+enum class ProcessorType {
+    Libplacebo,
+    RealESRGAN,
+    RIFE,
+};
+
+struct LibplaceboConfig {
+    StringType shader_path;
+};
+
+struct RealESRGANConfig {
+    bool tta_mode;
+    StringType model_name;
+};
+
+struct RIFEConfig {
+    bool tta_mode;
+    bool tta_temporal_mode;
+    bool uhd_mode;
+    int num_threads;
+    StringType model_name;
+};
+
+// Unified filter configuration
+struct ProcessorConfig {
+    ProcessorType processor_type;
+    int width;
+    int height;
+    int scaling_factor;
+    int frm_rate_mul;
+    float scn_det_thresh;
+    std::variant<LibplaceboConfig, RealESRGANConfig, RIFEConfig> config;
+};
 
 class Processor {
    public:
diff --git a/src/avutils.cpp b/src/avutils.cpp
index 9d07179..e621dae 100644
--- a/src/avutils.cpp
+++ b/src/avutils.cpp
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ int64_t get_video_frame_count(AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx, int in_vstream_idx) {
         spdlog::debug("Read total number of frames from 'nb_frames': {}", nb_frames);
         return nb_frames;
     }
-    spdlog::warn("Estimating the total number of frames from duration * fps");
+    spdlog::warn("Estimating the total number of frames using duration * fps");
 
     // Get the duration of the video
     double duration_secs = 0.0;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ AVPixelFormat get_encoder_default_pix_fmt(const AVCodec *encoder, AVPixelFormat
     char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
 
     // Retrieve the list of supported pixel formats
-#if LIBAVCODEC_BUILD >= CALC_FFMPEG_VERSION(61, 13, 100)
+#if LIBAVCODEC_BUILD >= AV_VERSION_INT(61, 13, 100)
     const AVPixelFormat *supported_pix_fmts = nullptr;
     ret = avcodec_get_supported_config(
         nullptr, encoder, AV_CODEC_CONFIG_PIX_FORMAT, 0, (const void **)&supported_pix_fmts, nullptr
@@ -185,3 +185,27 @@ float get_frame_diff(AVFrame *frame1, AVFrame *frame2) {
 
     return percent_diff;
 }
+
+// Deleter for AVBufferRef unique_ptr
+void av_bufferref_deleter(AVBufferRef *bufferref) {
+    if (bufferref != nullptr) {
+        av_buffer_unref(&bufferref);
+    }
+}
+
+// Deleter for AVFrame unique_ptr
+void av_frame_deleter(AVFrame *frame) {
+    if (frame != nullptr) {
+        av_frame_free(&frame);
+        frame = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+// Deleter for AVPacket unique_ptr
+void av_packet_deleter(AVPacket *packet) {
+    if (packet != nullptr) {
+        av_packet_unref(packet);
+        av_packet_free(&packet);
+        packet = nullptr;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/encoder.cpp b/src/encoder.cpp
index 15536ef..33f0c09 100644
--- a/src/encoder.cpp
+++ b/src/encoder.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ int Encoder::init(
     AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx,
     AVCodecContext *dec_ctx,
     EncoderConfig &enc_cfg,
-    const ProcessorConfig &proc_cfg,
     int in_vstream_idx
 ) {
     int ret;
@@ -122,9 +121,9 @@ int Encoder::init(
         spdlog::debug("Auto-selected pixel format: {}", av_get_pix_fmt_name(enc_ctx_->pix_fmt));
     }
 
-    if (proc_cfg.frm_rate_mul > 0) {
+    if (enc_cfg.frm_rate_mul > 0) {
         AVRational in_frame_rate = get_video_frame_rate(ifmt_ctx, in_vstream_idx);
-        enc_ctx_->framerate = {in_frame_rate.num * proc_cfg.frm_rate_mul, in_frame_rate.den};
+        enc_ctx_->framerate = {in_frame_rate.num * enc_cfg.frm_rate_mul, in_frame_rate.den};
         enc_ctx_->time_base = av_inv_q(enc_ctx_->framerate);
     } else {
         // Set the output video's time base
diff --git a/src/frames_processor.cpp b/src/frames_processor.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index ea9cac7..0000000
--- a/src/frames_processor.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,371 +0,0 @@
-#include "frames_processor.h"
-
-extern "C" {
-#include <libavutil/avutil.h>
-}
-
-#include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
-
-#include "avutils.h"
-
-// Deleter for AVFrame unique_ptr
-auto av_frame_deleter = [](AVFrame *frame) {
-    if (frame != nullptr) {
-        av_frame_free(&frame);
-        frame = nullptr;
-    }
-};
-
-// Deleter for AVPacket unique_ptr
-auto av_packet_deleter = [](AVPacket *packet) {
-    if (packet != nullptr) {
-        av_packet_unref(packet);
-        av_packet_free(&packet);
-        packet = nullptr;
-    }
-};
-
-// Sets the total number of frames to process in the VideoProcessingContext
-void set_total_frames(
-    const ProcessorConfig &proc_cfg,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx,
-    int in_vstream_idx,
-    Processor *processor
-) {
-    spdlog::debug("Estimating the total number of frames to process");
-    proc_ctx->total_frames = get_video_frame_count(ifmt_ctx, in_vstream_idx);
-
-    if (proc_ctx->total_frames <= 0) {
-        spdlog::warn("Unable to determine the total number of frames");
-        proc_ctx->total_frames = 0;
-    } else {
-        spdlog::debug("{} frames to process", proc_ctx->total_frames);
-    }
-
-    // Set total frames for interpolation
-    if (processor->get_processing_mode() == ProcessingMode::Interpolate) {
-        proc_ctx->total_frames *= proc_cfg.frm_rate_mul;
-    }
-}
-
-int write_frame(
-    AVFrame *frame,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    Encoder &encoder,
-    bool benchmark
-) {
-    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
-    int ret = 0;
-
-    if (!benchmark) {
-        // Set the frame type to none to let the encoder decide
-        frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_NONE;
-        ret = encoder.write_frame(frame, proc_ctx->processed_frames);
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-            spdlog::critical("Error encoding/writing frame: {}", errbuf);
-        }
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-int write_raw_packet(
-    AVPacket *packet,
-    AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx,
-    AVFormatContext *ofmt_ctx,
-    int *stream_map
-) {
-    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
-    int ret = 0;
-
-    AVStream *in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[packet->stream_index];
-    int out_stream_index = stream_map[packet->stream_index];
-    AVStream *out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[out_stream_index];
-
-    av_packet_rescale_ts(packet, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
-    packet->stream_index = out_stream_index;
-
-    ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, packet);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-        spdlog::critical("Error muxing audio/subtitle packet: {}", errbuf);
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-int process_filtering(
-    Processor *processor,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    Encoder &encoder,
-    bool benchmark,
-    AVFrame *frame,
-    AVFrame *raw_processed_frame
-) {
-    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
-    int ret = 0;
-
-    // Cast the processor to a Filter
-    Filter *filter = static_cast<Filter *>(processor);
-
-    // Process the frame using the filter
-    ret = filter->filter(frame, &raw_processed_frame);
-
-    // Write the processed frame
-    if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
-        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-        spdlog::critical("Error filtering frame: {}", errbuf);
-    } else if (ret == 0 && raw_processed_frame != nullptr) {
-        auto processed_frame = std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(av_frame_deleter)>(
-            raw_processed_frame, av_frame_deleter
-        );
-        ret = write_frame(processed_frame.get(), proc_ctx, encoder, benchmark);
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-int process_interpolation(
-    Processor *processor,
-    const ProcessorConfig &proc_cfg,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    Encoder &encoder,
-    bool benchmark,
-    std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(av_frame_deleter)> &prev_frame,
-    AVFrame *frame,
-    AVFrame *raw_processed_frame
-) {
-    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
-    int ret = 0;
-
-    // Cast the processor to an Interpolator
-    Interpolator *interpolator = static_cast<Interpolator *>(processor);
-
-    // Calculate the time step for each frame
-    float time_step = 1.0f / static_cast<float>(proc_cfg.frm_rate_mul);
-    float current_time_step = time_step;
-
-    // Check if a scene change is detected
-    bool skip_frame = false;
-    if (prev_frame != nullptr) {
-        float frame_diff = get_frame_diff(prev_frame.get(), frame);
-        if (frame_diff > proc_cfg.scn_det_thresh) {
-            spdlog::debug(
-                "Scene change detected ({:.2f}%), skipping frame {}",
-                frame_diff,
-                proc_ctx->processed_frames
-            );
-            skip_frame = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Write the interpolated frames
-    for (int i = 0; i < proc_cfg.frm_rate_mul - 1; i++) {
-        // Skip interpolation if this is the first frame
-        if (prev_frame == nullptr) {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        // Get the interpolated frame from the interpolator
-        if (!skip_frame) {
-            ret = interpolator->interpolate(
-                prev_frame.get(), frame, &raw_processed_frame, current_time_step
-            );
-        } else {
-            ret = 0;
-            raw_processed_frame = av_frame_clone(prev_frame.get());
-        }
-
-        // Write the interpolated frame
-        if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
-            av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-            spdlog::critical("Error interpolating frame: {}", errbuf);
-            return ret;
-        } else if (ret == 0 && raw_processed_frame != nullptr) {
-            auto processed_frame = std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(av_frame_deleter)>(
-                raw_processed_frame, av_frame_deleter
-            );
-
-            processed_frame->pts = proc_ctx->processed_frames;
-            ret = write_frame(processed_frame.get(), proc_ctx, encoder, benchmark);
-            if (ret < 0) {
-                return ret;
-            }
-        }
-        proc_ctx->processed_frames++;
-        current_time_step += time_step;
-    }
-
-    // Write the original frame
-    frame->pts = proc_ctx->processed_frames;
-    ret = write_frame(frame, proc_ctx, encoder, benchmark);
-
-    // Update the previous frame with the current frame
-    prev_frame.reset(av_frame_clone(frame));
-    return ret;
-}
-
-// Process frames using the selected filter.
-int process_frames(
-    const EncoderConfig &enc_cfg,
-    const ProcessorConfig &proc_cfg,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    Decoder &decoder,
-    Encoder &encoder,
-    Processor *processor,
-    bool benchmark
-) {
-    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
-    int ret = 0;
-
-    // Get required objects
-    AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx = decoder.get_format_context();
-    AVCodecContext *dec_ctx = decoder.get_codec_context();
-    int in_vstream_idx = decoder.get_video_stream_index();
-    AVFormatContext *ofmt_ctx = encoder.get_format_context();
-    int *stream_map = encoder.get_stream_map();
-
-    // Reference to the previous frame does not require allocation
-    // It will be cloned from the current frame
-    std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(av_frame_deleter)> prev_frame(nullptr, av_frame_deleter);
-
-    // Allocate space for the decoded frames
-    std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(av_frame_deleter)> frame(av_frame_alloc(), av_frame_deleter);
-    if (frame == nullptr) {
-        spdlog::critical("Error allocating frame");
-        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
-    }
-
-    // Allocate space for the decoded packets
-    std::unique_ptr<AVPacket, decltype(av_packet_deleter)> packet(
-        av_packet_alloc(), av_packet_deleter
-    );
-    if (packet == nullptr) {
-        spdlog::critical("Error allocating packet");
-        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
-    }
-
-    // Set the total number of frames in the VideoProcessingContext
-    set_total_frames(proc_cfg, proc_ctx, ifmt_ctx, in_vstream_idx, processor);
-
-    // Read frames from the input file
-    while (!proc_ctx->abort) {
-        ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, packet.get());
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            if (ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
-                spdlog::debug("Reached end of file");
-                break;
-            }
-            av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-            spdlog::critical("Error reading packet: {}", errbuf);
-            return ret;
-        }
-
-        if (packet->stream_index == in_vstream_idx) {
-            // Send the packet to the decoder for decoding
-            ret = avcodec_send_packet(dec_ctx, packet.get());
-            if (ret < 0) {
-                av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-                spdlog::critical("Error sending packet to decoder: {}", errbuf);
-                return ret;
-            }
-
-            // Process frames decoded from the packet
-            while (!proc_ctx->abort) {
-                // Sleep for 100 ms if processing is paused
-                if (proc_ctx->pause) {
-                    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                // Receive the decoded frame from the decoder
-                ret = avcodec_receive_frame(dec_ctx, frame.get());
-                if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
-                    // No more frames from this packet
-                    break;
-                } else if (ret < 0) {
-                    av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-                    spdlog::critical("Error decoding video frame: {}", errbuf);
-                    return ret;
-                }
-
-                AVFrame *raw_processed_frame = nullptr;
-
-                // Process the frame based on the selected processing mode
-                switch (processor->get_processing_mode()) {
-                    case ProcessingMode::Filter: {
-                        ret = process_filtering(
-                            processor,
-                            proc_ctx,
-                            encoder,
-                            benchmark,
-                            frame.get(),
-                            raw_processed_frame
-                        );
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    case ProcessingMode::Interpolate: {
-                        ret = process_interpolation(
-                            processor,
-                            proc_cfg,
-                            proc_ctx,
-                            encoder,
-                            benchmark,
-                            prev_frame,
-                            frame.get(),
-                            raw_processed_frame
-                        );
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    default:
-                        spdlog::critical("Unknown processing mode");
-                        return -1;
-                }
-                if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
-                    return ret;
-                }
-                av_frame_unref(frame.get());
-                proc_ctx->processed_frames++;
-                spdlog::debug(
-                    "Processed frame {}/{}", proc_ctx->processed_frames, proc_ctx->total_frames
-                );
-            }
-        } else if (enc_cfg.copy_streams && stream_map[packet->stream_index] >= 0) {
-            write_raw_packet(packet.get(), ifmt_ctx, ofmt_ctx, stream_map);
-        }
-        av_packet_unref(packet.get());
-    }
-
-    // Flush the filter
-    std::vector<AVFrame *> raw_flushed_frames;
-    ret = processor->flush(raw_flushed_frames);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-        spdlog::critical("Error flushing filter: {}", errbuf);
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    // Wrap flushed frames in unique_ptrs
-    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(av_frame_deleter)>> flushed_frames;
-    for (AVFrame *raw_frame : raw_flushed_frames) {
-        flushed_frames.emplace_back(raw_frame, av_frame_deleter);
-    }
-
-    // Encode and write all flushed frames
-    for (auto &flushed_frame : flushed_frames) {
-        ret = write_frame(flushed_frame.get(), proc_ctx, encoder, benchmark);
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            return ret;
-        }
-        proc_ctx->processed_frames++;
-    }
-
-    // Flush the encoder
-    ret = encoder.flush();
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
-        spdlog::critical("Error flushing encoder: {}", errbuf);
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    return ret;
-}
diff --git a/src/libvideo2x.cpp b/src/libvideo2x.cpp
index 231466d..792e106 100644
--- a/src/libvideo2x.cpp
+++ b/src/libvideo2x.cpp
@@ -6,40 +6,40 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
 
+#include "avutils.h"
 #include "decoder.h"
 #include "encoder.h"
-#include "frames_processor.h"
+#include "logging.h"
 #include "processor.h"
 #include "processor_factory.h"
 
-int process_video(
-    const std::filesystem::path in_fname,
-    const std::filesystem::path out_fname,
+VideoProcessor::VideoProcessor(
     const HardwareConfig hw_cfg,
     const ProcessorConfig proc_cfg,
-    EncoderConfig enc_cfg,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx,
-    Libvideo2xLogLevel log_level,
+    const EncoderConfig enc_cfg,
+    Video2xLogLevel log_level,
     bool benchmark
+)
+    : hw_cfg_(hw_cfg), proc_cfg_(proc_cfg), enc_cfg_(enc_cfg), benchmark_(benchmark) {
+    set_log_level(log_level);
+}
+
+int VideoProcessor::process(
+    const std::filesystem::path in_fname,
+    const std::filesystem::path out_fname
 ) {
     char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
     int ret = 0;
 
-    // Set the log level for FFmpeg and spdlog
-    set_log_level(log_level);
-
     // Create a smart pointer to manage the hardware device context
-    auto hw_ctx_deleter = [](AVBufferRef *ref) {
-        if (ref != nullptr) {
-            av_buffer_unref(&ref);
-        }
-    };
-    std::unique_ptr<AVBufferRef, decltype(hw_ctx_deleter)> hw_ctx(nullptr, hw_ctx_deleter);
+    std::unique_ptr<AVBufferRef, decltype(&av_bufferref_deleter)> hw_ctx(
+        nullptr, &av_bufferref_deleter
+    );
 
     // Initialize hardware device context
-    if (hw_cfg.hw_device_type != AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE) {
+    if (hw_cfg_.hw_device_type != AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE) {
         AVBufferRef *tmp_hw_ctx = nullptr;
-        ret = av_hwdevice_ctx_create(&tmp_hw_ctx, hw_cfg.hw_device_type, NULL, NULL, 0);
+        ret = av_hwdevice_ctx_create(&tmp_hw_ctx, hw_cfg_.hw_device_type, NULL, NULL, 0);
         if (ret < 0) {
             av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
             spdlog::critical("Error initializing hardware device context: {}", errbuf);
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ int process_video(
 
     // Initialize input decoder
     Decoder decoder;
-    ret = decoder.init(hw_cfg.hw_device_type, hw_ctx.get(), in_fname);
+    ret = decoder.init(hw_cfg_.hw_device_type, hw_ctx.get(), in_fname);
     if (ret < 0) {
         av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
         spdlog::critical("Failed to initialize decoder: {}", errbuf);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ int process_video(
 
     // Create and initialize the appropriate filter
     std::unique_ptr<Processor> processor(
-        ProcessorFactory::instance().create_processor(proc_cfg, hw_cfg.vk_device_index)
+        ProcessorFactory::instance().create_processor(proc_cfg_, hw_cfg_.vk_device_index)
     );
     if (processor == nullptr) {
         spdlog::critical("Failed to create filter instance");
@@ -73,21 +73,23 @@ int process_video(
     // Initialize output dimensions based on filter configuration
     int output_width = 0, output_height = 0;
     processor->get_output_dimensions(
-        proc_cfg, dec_ctx->width, dec_ctx->height, output_width, output_height
+        proc_cfg_, dec_ctx->width, dec_ctx->height, output_width, output_height
     );
     if (output_width <= 0 || output_height <= 0) {
         spdlog::critical("Failed to determine the output dimensions");
         return -1;
     }
 
-    // Update encoder configuration with output dimensions
-    enc_cfg.width = output_width;
-    enc_cfg.height = output_height;
+    // Update encoder output dimensions
+    enc_cfg_.width = output_width;
+    enc_cfg_.height = output_height;
+
+    // Update encoder frame rate multiplier
+    enc_cfg_.frm_rate_mul = proc_cfg_.frm_rate_mul;
 
     // Initialize the encoder
     Encoder encoder;
-    ret =
-        encoder.init(hw_ctx.get(), out_fname, ifmt_ctx, dec_ctx, enc_cfg, proc_cfg, in_vstream_idx);
+    ret = encoder.init(hw_ctx.get(), out_fname, ifmt_ctx, dec_ctx, enc_cfg_, in_vstream_idx);
     if (ret < 0) {
         av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
         spdlog::critical("Failed to initialize encoder: {}", errbuf);
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ int process_video(
     }
 
     // Process frames using the encoder and decoder
-    ret = process_frames(enc_cfg, proc_cfg, proc_ctx, decoder, encoder, processor.get(), benchmark);
+    ret = process_frames(decoder, encoder, processor);
     if (ret < 0) {
         av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
         spdlog::critical("Error processing frames: {}", errbuf);
@@ -119,3 +121,310 @@ int process_video(
     }
     return 0;
 }
+
+// Process frames using the selected filter.
+int VideoProcessor::process_frames(
+    Decoder &decoder,
+    Encoder &encoder,
+    std::unique_ptr<Processor> &processor
+) {
+    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    // Get required objects
+    AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx = decoder.get_format_context();
+    AVCodecContext *dec_ctx = decoder.get_codec_context();
+    int in_vstream_idx = decoder.get_video_stream_index();
+    AVFormatContext *ofmt_ctx = encoder.get_format_context();
+    int *stream_map = encoder.get_stream_map();
+
+    // Reference to the previous frame does not require allocation
+    // It will be cloned from the current frame
+    std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&av_frame_deleter)> prev_frame(nullptr, &av_frame_deleter);
+
+    // Allocate space for the decoded frames
+    std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&av_frame_deleter)> frame(
+        av_frame_alloc(), &av_frame_deleter
+    );
+    if (frame == nullptr) {
+        spdlog::critical("Error allocating frame");
+        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
+    }
+
+    // Allocate space for the decoded packets
+    std::unique_ptr<AVPacket, decltype(&av_packet_deleter)> packet(
+        av_packet_alloc(), &av_packet_deleter
+    );
+    if (packet == nullptr) {
+        spdlog::critical("Error allocating packet");
+        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
+    }
+
+    // Set the total number of frames in the VideoProcessingContext
+    spdlog::debug("Estimating the total number of frames to process");
+    total_frames_ = get_video_frame_count(ifmt_ctx, in_vstream_idx);
+
+    if (total_frames_ <= 0) {
+        spdlog::warn("Unable to determine the total number of frames");
+        total_frames_ = 0;
+    } else {
+        spdlog::debug("{} frames to process", total_frames_.load());
+    }
+
+    // Set total frames for interpolation
+    if (processor->get_processing_mode() == ProcessingMode::Interpolate) {
+        total_frames_.store(total_frames_.load() * proc_cfg_.frm_rate_mul);
+    }
+
+    // Read frames from the input file
+    while (!aborted_.load()) {
+        ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, packet.get());
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            if (ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
+                spdlog::debug("Reached end of file");
+                break;
+            }
+            av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+            spdlog::critical("Error reading packet: {}", errbuf);
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        if (packet->stream_index == in_vstream_idx) {
+            // Send the packet to the decoder for decoding
+            ret = avcodec_send_packet(dec_ctx, packet.get());
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+                spdlog::critical("Error sending packet to decoder: {}", errbuf);
+                return ret;
+            }
+
+            // Process frames decoded from the packet
+            while (!aborted_.load()) {
+                // Sleep for 100 ms if processing is paused
+                if (paused_.load()) {
+                    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Receive the decoded frame from the decoder
+                ret = avcodec_receive_frame(dec_ctx, frame.get());
+                if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
+                    // No more frames from this packet
+                    break;
+                } else if (ret < 0) {
+                    av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+                    spdlog::critical("Error decoding video frame: {}", errbuf);
+                    return ret;
+                }
+
+                // Process the frame based on the selected processing mode
+                AVFrame *proc_frame = nullptr;
+                switch (processor->get_processing_mode()) {
+                    case ProcessingMode::Filter: {
+                        ret = process_filtering(processor, encoder, frame.get(), proc_frame);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case ProcessingMode::Interpolate: {
+                        ret = process_interpolation(
+                            processor, encoder, prev_frame, frame.get(), proc_frame
+                        );
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    default:
+                        spdlog::critical("Unknown processing mode");
+                        return -1;
+                }
+                if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
+                    return ret;
+                }
+                av_frame_unref(frame.get());
+                frame_index_++;
+                spdlog::debug("Processed frame {}/{}", frame_index_.load(), total_frames_.load());
+            }
+        } else if (enc_cfg_.copy_streams && stream_map[packet->stream_index] >= 0) {
+            ret = write_raw_packet(packet.get(), ifmt_ctx, ofmt_ctx, stream_map);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                return ret;
+            }
+        }
+        av_packet_unref(packet.get());
+    }
+
+    // Flush the filter
+    std::vector<AVFrame *> raw_flushed_frames;
+    ret = processor->flush(raw_flushed_frames);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+        spdlog::critical("Error flushing filter: {}", errbuf);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    // Wrap flushed frames in unique_ptrs
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&av_frame_deleter)>> flushed_frames;
+    for (AVFrame *raw_frame : raw_flushed_frames) {
+        flushed_frames.emplace_back(raw_frame, &av_frame_deleter);
+    }
+
+    // Encode and write all flushed frames
+    for (auto &flushed_frame : flushed_frames) {
+        ret = write_frame(flushed_frame.get(), encoder);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+        frame_index_++;
+    }
+
+    // Flush the encoder
+    ret = encoder.flush();
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+        spdlog::critical("Error flushing encoder: {}", errbuf);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int VideoProcessor::write_frame(AVFrame *frame, Encoder &encoder) {
+    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if (!benchmark_) {
+        // Set the frame type to none to let the encoder decide
+        frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_NONE;
+        ret = encoder.write_frame(frame, frame_index_);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+            spdlog::critical("Error encoding/writing frame: {}", errbuf);
+        }
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int VideoProcessor::write_raw_packet(
+    AVPacket *packet,
+    AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx,
+    AVFormatContext *ofmt_ctx,
+    int *stream_map
+) {
+    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    AVStream *in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[packet->stream_index];
+    int out_stream_index = stream_map[packet->stream_index];
+    AVStream *out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[out_stream_index];
+
+    av_packet_rescale_ts(packet, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
+    packet->stream_index = out_stream_index;
+
+    ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, packet);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+        spdlog::critical("Error muxing audio/subtitle packet: {}", errbuf);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int VideoProcessor::process_filtering(
+    std::unique_ptr<Processor> &processor,
+    Encoder &encoder,
+    AVFrame *frame,
+    AVFrame *proc_frame
+) {
+    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    // Cast the processor to a Filter
+    Filter *filter = static_cast<Filter *>(processor.get());
+
+    // Process the frame using the filter
+    ret = filter->filter(frame, &proc_frame);
+
+    // Write the processed frame
+    if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
+        av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+        spdlog::critical("Error filtering frame: {}", errbuf);
+    } else if (ret == 0 && proc_frame != nullptr) {
+        auto processed_frame =
+            std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&av_frame_deleter)>(proc_frame, &av_frame_deleter);
+        ret = write_frame(processed_frame.get(), encoder);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int VideoProcessor::process_interpolation(
+    std::unique_ptr<Processor> &processor,
+    Encoder &encoder,
+    std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&av_frame_deleter)> &prev_frame,
+    AVFrame *frame,
+    AVFrame *proc_frame
+) {
+    char errbuf[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    // Cast the processor to an Interpolator
+    Interpolator *interpolator = static_cast<Interpolator *>(processor.get());
+
+    // Calculate the time step for each frame
+    float time_step = 1.0f / static_cast<float>(proc_cfg_.frm_rate_mul);
+    float current_time_step = time_step;
+
+    // Check if a scene change is detected
+    bool skip_frame = false;
+    if (prev_frame.get() != nullptr) {
+        float frame_diff = get_frame_diff(prev_frame.get(), frame);
+        if (frame_diff > proc_cfg_.scn_det_thresh) {
+            spdlog::debug(
+                "Scene change detected ({:.2f}%), skipping frame {}",
+                frame_diff,
+                frame_index_.load()
+            );
+            skip_frame = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Write the interpolated frames
+    for (int i = 0; i < proc_cfg_.frm_rate_mul - 1; i++) {
+        // Skip interpolation if this is the first frame
+        if (prev_frame == nullptr) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // Get the interpolated frame from the interpolator
+        if (!skip_frame) {
+            ret =
+                interpolator->interpolate(prev_frame.get(), frame, &proc_frame, current_time_step);
+        } else {
+            ret = 0;
+            proc_frame = av_frame_clone(prev_frame.get());
+        }
+
+        // Write the interpolated frame
+        if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
+            av_strerror(ret, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+            spdlog::critical("Error interpolating frame: {}", errbuf);
+            return ret;
+        } else if (ret == 0 && proc_frame != nullptr) {
+            auto processed_frame = std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&av_frame_deleter)>(
+                proc_frame, &av_frame_deleter
+            );
+
+            processed_frame->pts = frame_index_;
+            ret = write_frame(processed_frame.get(), encoder);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                return ret;
+            }
+        }
+
+        frame_index_++;
+        current_time_step += time_step;
+    }
+
+    // Write the original frame
+    frame->pts = frame_index_;
+    ret = write_frame(frame, encoder);
+
+    // Update the previous frame with the current frame
+    prev_frame.reset(av_frame_clone(frame));
+    return ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/logging.cpp b/src/logging.cpp
index 434b396..9f105bd 100644
--- a/src/logging.cpp
+++ b/src/logging.cpp
@@ -6,33 +6,33 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
 
-void set_log_level(Libvideo2xLogLevel log_level) {
+void set_log_level(Video2xLogLevel log_level) {
     switch (log_level) {
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Trace:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Trace:
             av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_TRACE);
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::trace);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Debug:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Debug:
             av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_DEBUG);
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::debug);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Info:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Info:
             av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_INFO);
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::info);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Warning:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Warning:
             av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_WARNING);
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::warn);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Error:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Error:
             av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_ERROR);
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::err);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Critical:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Critical:
             av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_FATAL);
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::critical);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Off:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Off:
             av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_QUIET);
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::off);
             break;
diff --git a/tools/video2x/src/video2x.cpp b/tools/video2x/src/video2x.cpp
index 237e1df..6be1bb6 100644
--- a/tools/video2x/src/video2x.cpp
+++ b/tools/video2x/src/video2x.cpp
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 #include <cstring>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <iostream>
-#include <mutex>
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
 #include <unordered_set>
@@ -50,12 +49,9 @@ namespace po = boost::program_options;
 // Indicate if a newline needs to be printed before the next output
 std::atomic<bool> newline_required = false;
 
-// Mutex for synchronizing access to VideoProcessingContext
-std::mutex proc_ctx_mutex;
-
 // Structure to hold parsed arguments
 struct Arguments {
-    Libvideo2xLogLevel log_level = Libvideo2xLogLevel::Info;
+    Video2xLogLevel log_level = Video2xLogLevel::Info;
     bool no_progress = false;
 
     // General options
@@ -146,27 +142,27 @@ std::string wstring_to_u8string(const std::string &str) {
 }
 #endif
 
-void set_spdlog_level(Libvideo2xLogLevel log_level) {
+void set_spdlog_level(Video2xLogLevel log_level) {
     switch (log_level) {
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Trace:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Trace:
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::trace);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Debug:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Debug:
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::debug);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Info:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Info:
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::info);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Warning:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Warning:
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::warn);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Error:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Error:
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::err);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Critical:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Critical:
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::critical);
             break;
-        case Libvideo2xLogLevel::Off:
+        case Video2xLogLevel::Off:
             spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::off);
             break;
         default:
@@ -175,18 +171,18 @@ void set_spdlog_level(Libvideo2xLogLevel log_level) {
     }
 }
 
-std::optional<Libvideo2xLogLevel> find_log_level_by_name(const StringType &log_level_name) {
+std::optional<Video2xLogLevel> find_log_level_by_name(const StringType &log_level_name) {
     // Static map to store the mapping
-    static const std::unordered_map<StringType, Libvideo2xLogLevel> LogLevelMap = {
-        {STR("trace"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Trace},
-        {STR("debug"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Debug},
-        {STR("info"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Info},
-        {STR("warning"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Warning},
-        {STR("warn"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Warning},
-        {STR("error"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Error},
-        {STR("critical"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Critical},
-        {STR("off"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Off},
-        {STR("none"), Libvideo2xLogLevel::Off}
+    static const std::unordered_map<StringType, Video2xLogLevel> LogLevelMap = {
+        {STR("trace"), Video2xLogLevel::Trace},
+        {STR("debug"), Video2xLogLevel::Debug},
+        {STR("info"), Video2xLogLevel::Info},
+        {STR("warning"), Video2xLogLevel::Warning},
+        {STR("warn"), Video2xLogLevel::Warning},
+        {STR("error"), Video2xLogLevel::Error},
+        {STR("critical"), Video2xLogLevel::Critical},
+        {STR("off"), Video2xLogLevel::Off},
+        {STR("none"), Video2xLogLevel::Off}
     };
 
     // Normalize the input to lowercase
@@ -356,32 +352,6 @@ int get_vulkan_device_prop(uint32_t vk_device_index, VkPhysicalDeviceProperties
     return 0;
 }
 
-// Wrapper function for video processing thread
-void process_video_thread(
-    Arguments *arguments,
-    int *proc_ret,
-    HardwareConfig hw_cfg,
-    ProcessorConfig proc_cfg,
-    EncoderConfig enc_cfg,
-    VideoProcessingContext *proc_ctx
-) {
-    *proc_ret = process_video(
-        arguments->in_fname,
-        arguments->out_fname,
-        hw_cfg,
-        proc_cfg,
-        enc_cfg,
-        proc_ctx,
-        arguments->log_level,
-        arguments->benchmark
-    );
-
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(proc_ctx_mutex);
-        proc_ctx->completed = true;
-    }
-}
-
 #ifdef _WIN32
 int wmain(int argc, wchar_t *argv[]) {
     // Set console output code page to UTF-8
@@ -552,7 +522,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
         }
 
         if (vm.count("log-level")) {
-            std::optional<Libvideo2xLogLevel> log_level =
+            std::optional<Video2xLogLevel> log_level =
                 find_log_level_by_name(vm["log-level"].as<StringType>());
             if (!log_level.has_value()) {
                 spdlog::critical("Invalid log level specified.");
@@ -772,22 +742,20 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Setup struct to store processing context
-    VideoProcessingContext proc_ctx;
-    proc_ctx.processed_frames = 0;
-    proc_ctx.total_frames = 0;
-    proc_ctx.pause = false;
-    proc_ctx.abort = false;
-    proc_ctx.completed = false;
+    // Create video processor object
+    VideoProcessor video_processor =
+        VideoProcessor(hw_cfg, proc_cfg, enc_cfg, arguments.log_level, arguments.benchmark);
 
     // Register a newline-safe log callback for FFmpeg
     av_log_set_callback(newline_safe_ffmpeg_log_callback);
 
     // Create a thread for video processing
     int proc_ret = 0;
-    std::thread processing_thread(
-        process_video_thread, &arguments, &proc_ret, hw_cfg, proc_cfg, enc_cfg, &proc_ctx
-    );
+    std::atomic<bool> completed = false;  // Use atomic for thread-safe updates
+    std::thread processing_thread([&]() {
+        proc_ret = video_processor.process(arguments.in_fname, arguments.out_fname);
+        completed.store(true, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    });
     spdlog::info("Press [space] to pause/resume, [q] to abort.");
 
     // Setup timer
@@ -801,12 +769,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 
     // Main thread loop to display progress and handle input
     while (true) {
-        bool completed;
-        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(proc_ctx_mutex);
-            completed = proc_ctx.completed;
-        }
-        if (completed) {
+        if (completed.load()) {
             break;
         }
 
@@ -825,9 +788,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
         if (ch == ' ' || ch == '\n') {
             // Toggle pause state
             {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(proc_ctx_mutex);
-                proc_ctx.pause = !proc_ctx.pause;
-                if (proc_ctx.pause) {
+                if (video_processor.is_paused()) {
+                    video_processor.resume();
+                } else {
+                    video_processor.pause();
+                }
+                if (video_processor.is_paused()) {
                     std::cout
                         << "\r\033[KProcessing paused; press [space] to resume, [q] to abort.";
                     std::cout.flush();
@@ -846,8 +812,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
             }
             spdlog::warn("Aborting gracefully; press Ctrl+C to terminate forcefully.");
             {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(proc_ctx_mutex);
-                proc_ctx.abort = true;
+                video_processor.abort();
                 newline_required = false;
             }
             break;
@@ -856,14 +821,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
         // Display progress
         if (!arguments.no_progress) {
             int64_t processed_frames, total_frames;
-            bool pause;
+            bool paused;
             {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(proc_ctx_mutex);
-                processed_frames = proc_ctx.processed_frames;
-                total_frames = proc_ctx.total_frames;
-                pause = proc_ctx.pause;
+                processed_frames = video_processor.get_processed_frames();
+                total_frames = video_processor.get_total_frames();
+                paused = video_processor.is_paused();
             }
-            if (!pause && (total_frames > 0 || processed_frames > 0)) {
+            if (!paused && (total_frames > 0 || processed_frames > 0)) {
                 double percentage = total_frames > 0 ? static_cast<double>(processed_frames) *
                                                            100.0 / static_cast<double>(total_frames)
                                                      : 0.0;
@@ -919,12 +883,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     }
 
     // Print final message based on processing result
-    bool aborted;
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(proc_ctx_mutex);
-        aborted = proc_ctx.abort;
-    }
-    if (aborted) {
+    if (video_processor.is_aborted()) {
         spdlog::warn("Video processing aborted");
         return 2;
     } else if (proc_ret != 0) {
@@ -935,11 +894,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     }
 
     // Calculate statistics
-    int64_t processed_frames;
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(proc_ctx_mutex);
-        processed_frames = proc_ctx.processed_frames;
-    }
+    int64_t processed_frames = video_processor.get_processed_frames();
     int time_elapsed = static_cast<int>(timer.get_elapsed_time() / 1000);
     int hours_elapsed = time_elapsed / 3600;
     int minutes_elapsed = (time_elapsed % 3600) / 60;